A multi-party system is a political system in which multiple political parties from various political spectrums compete in national elections and have the ability to control government offices, either individually or in coalition. Apart from one-party and two-party systems, multi-party systems are more common in parliamentary than presidential systems, and they are far more common in countries that use proportional representation than countries that use first-past-the-post elections. Each of the parties contending for power has a reasonable chance of forming a government.

Advantages
1.May promote electoral participation by opposing political forces.
2.May encourage voter participation.
3.Enhances electoral transparency.
4.Ensures political party input to the Electoral Management Body ‘s(EMB’s) policy development.
5.Ensures links with critical electoral stakeholders.
6.Brings political experience to the management of electoral processes.

Disadvantages
1.Members’ actions may be motivated by political interest.
2.May not have appropriate professional experience or qualifications.
3.May be unwieldy if all parties are represented,
4.May lack credibility if some parties are excluded or if political parties are not respected.
5.May find consensus decision-making difficult.
6.EMB unity may suffer due to public disputes between parties.
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